Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: VEGFA is considered the main angiogenic factor in adipose tissue. It is believed that a low angiogenic capacity may decrease the adipogenic potential and consequently promotes adipocyte hypertrophy, which in turn, is closely related to insulin resistance (IR). Oestradiol (E2) is a regulator of the VEGFA gene and a protector against obesity. However nothing is known about the E2 effects on VEGF adipocyte production, and its consequence for ce...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality on a global scale. The pathophysiology of DM involves insulin resistance, even in insulin-treated type 1 DM, which in turn is related to the amount of glucose transporter GLUT4 (Slc2a4 gene). Estrogen activity can be mediated by two distinct receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) and may involve genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. Estrogen has been described as involved in glycemic homeostasis, but the related...

According to the world Health Organization, about 422 million people worldwide have diabetes mellitus (DM), and this number is growing rapidly. DM, mainly type 2, is associated with insulin resistance, which involves reduced expression of glucose transporter GLUT4 (Slc2a4 gene). It is known that estrogen can modulate glycemic homeostasis and seems to involve changes in the Slc2a4/GLUT4 expression. There has been an increased interest in plant-derived phytoest...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) results from a defect in insulin secretion and/or its action. The Breast-Cancer Susceptibility Gene 2 (BRCA2), like BRCA1, is a tumour suppressor gene, and its mutation is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer and, in males, testicular cancer. In patients with the BRCA1/2 mutation, the level of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-1 and, consequently, the peripheral sensitivity to insulin are reduced, suggesting that this ...

Introduction: Hyperglycemia is a common disorder in elderly patients. Diabetes management in this population requires evaluation of medical, pharmacological and functional domains. Screening for diabetes chronic complications should include, in addition to traditional micro- and macrovascular disease, search for cognitive impairment and vitamin B12 deficiency.Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of cognitive impairment, depression, and associated clinic...

Local glucocorticoids action depends on 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD) enzymes. Adipose tissues mainly express the 11β-HSD1, which activates inactive cortisone. Altered 11β-HSD1 and GLUT4 expressions have been reported in obesity. GLUT4 participates in the genesis and maintenance of insulin resistance/obesity, and could also be involved in the insulin resistant state observed in hypercortisolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the 11&#...

Orexins, in addition to regulating food intake and playing a role in the sleep wake cycle, are involved in the activation of HPA axis. Starvation induces metabolic changes in the body, including upregulation of orexin and its receptors in the hypothalamus. We investigated the expression and signalling characteristics of rat orexin receptors at the hypothalamic and adrenal level in food deprived animals and controls. Food deprivation induced both orexin type-1 (OX1R) and type-2...

Background: Pituitary tumours are commonly benign adenomas, accounting for 10-15% of all intracranial neoplasms. Among functioning pituitary tumours, prolactinomas are the most frequently observed in the clinic (about 40%). Dopamine, acting through the dopamine type 2 receptor (Drd2), is the main inhibitor of lactotroph proliferation and prolactin secretion, therefore, these tumours are usually treated with dopaminergic agonists with a high efficiency. However, there is a subs...

We present a case of Inactivating PTH/PTHrP signalling disorder (IPPSD) revealed in aduthood in the context of respiratory alkalosis caused by covid-19 infection that led to worsening of the preexisting hypocalcemia and intensification of the usual hypocalcemic symptoms. A 39 year old female with history of subclinical hypothyroidism and bilateral cataracts was admited due to hypoxemia in the context of severe covid-19 infection with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. She was vi...

Serum prolactin levels increase progressively from birth to adulthood in female and male rats, being higher in females from birth. Although this gradual increase was associated with concomitant maturation of prolactin-releasing and -inhibiting factors, these processes do not fully explain some sex differences observed. In in vitro studies, using lactotrophs in culture, from rats of different ages, in the absence of hypothalamic control, it was shown that the secretion...